In their place, a Constit In Rojava, Asayish (Internal Security Forces) and HPC (Civil Defense Forces) forces work together in a symbiotic relationship to provide safety and security to the community. Some have argued that abolishing the police is the best option. At the end of April 2016, clashes erupted between government forces and YPG fighters for control of Qamishli. The region gained its de facto autonomy in 2012 in the context of the ongoing Rojava conflict and the wider Syrian Civil War, in which it [61] The extent to which women participate in the PKK and the YPG demonstrates the outstanding roles they have had in the battle with ISIS. Syrian Kurds had recently demanded that the pro-government National Defense Forces militia disband in al-Hasakah. In 2014 the invader was ISIS. Historical Amnesia About Slavery Is a Tool of White Supremacy. Remember Venture capitalists, businessmen and landlords have also taken advantage of the real estate boom and trade opportunities, and some have secured influence or even positions within the administration. (10) Mehmet Emin Cengiz, The PYD-PKK Relationship Under Scrutiny, blogs.eui.eu. Polat Can explained, The Arab clans in Deir al-Zor told us, Dont bring the regime back here. Nor has the US. Polat Cans verdict was starker: The Turks are killing Kurds with European weapons. In every town and village under YPG control, a women's house is established. Rojava, today known officially(3) as the Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria (AANES), began its life on 19 July 2012 when People's Protection Units (YPG) militia seized the cities of Koban, Amuda, and Afrin following the planned withdrawal of the Syrian Armed Forces. [76], In response to the attacks by the Syrian aircraft on Kurdish positions near al-Hasakah, the United States scrambled planes over the city in order to deter further attacks. Rojava: A safe haven in Syria's brutal war | CNN [115] Turkey recognizes the PYD and the YPG militia as identical to the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK),[116][117][118][119] which is listed as a terrorist organisation by Turkey, the European Union, the United States and others. The traditional belief, that combat is a male-dominated area and women simply are victims of that fact, is thereby compromised. Does Rojava is today ruled by a Syrian Democratic Council with its own Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF), in which respectively the PYD and YPG play leading roles. Did they cut a deal with Assad, or is he invading as well? There were at first no direct or indirect taxes on people or businesses in the region;[40] Instead the administration funded itself mainly through the sale of oil and other natural resources and tariffs on border commerce (which is clandestine because of the embargo). Although internal and external factions naturally attempt to take advantage of such unrest, it stems from real socio-economic and ethnic tensions at the heart of the Rojava project which cannot be ignored.(8). A lot of Kurdish women bound their power, gathered their weapons, and served in the mobile company of the Womens Protection Units (YPJ) on the front line in Syria. This transition faces the major obstacles of ongoing conflict and an embargo from all neighboring countries: Turkey, Iraq, Iran, and the various forces controlling nearby areas of Syria. By 16 March, more than 13 KNC offices and an Assyrian Democratic Organization office in Rojava were shut down by Rojava Asayish forces, reportedly for failing to register with PYD authorities. The Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria (AANES), also known as Rojava, is a de facto autonomous region in northeastern Syria. Its unclear who is calling the shots. It is unclear if Turkish forces were on Syrian territory or had fired across the border. A government source told the AFP that the air strikes were "a message to the Kurds that they should stop this sort of demand that constitutes an affront to national sovereignty". WebUPDATED OCT. 12. 17 of them were later released but 6 were still imprisoned. We stand in solidarity with Rojava, an example to the world [82] The same day, armed clashes broke out between YPG fighters and members of the newly formed Jiwan Qatna Battalion of Yekt in ad-Darbasiyah. Undoubtedly, compared to the agendas of some of the other political actors in the region, Rojava represents a much more liberal alternative. [30] The Syrian Army pulled out to fight elsewhere. VolunteerBecome a MemberContactDonateSubscribe. District councils consist of 300 members as well as two elected co-presidents, one man and one woman. For instance, while some oppose the AANES curriculum because it is not accredited anywhere else outside of Rojava and others because they see it as an expression of Kurdish nationalism, there are also those who resist it because of its focus on secularism and women's rights. The CFR panels broadcast on 10 October 2019 suggested that what the YPG and Syrian Kurds want may be straightforward enough because they face an existential threat from Turkey. ", "Reconciliation Committee Solves 1977 cases in Serekaniye", "Reconciliation Committee replaces courts in Gir Sp", "Non-territorial autonomy and gender equality: The case of the autonomous administration of north and east Syria - Rojava", "Women and the PKK: Ideology, Gender, and Terrorism", "Women on the frontline: Rebel group ideology and women's participation in violent rebellion", "These female Kurdish soldiers wear their femininity with pride", "Jineology: Knowledge, experience, and science of women-2", "Department of Jineology(Women's Science ) |", "Political System: Documents Rojava Information Center", "Gender and justice in an emerging nation: My impressions of Rojava, Syrian Kurdistan", "Syrian Kurds give women equal rights, snubbing jihadists", "Meet the Women Taking the Battle to ISIS", "Understanding "Foreign Policy" of the PYD/YPG as a Non-State Actor in Syria and Beyond", "Revolution in Rojava transformed the perception of women in the society", "Joint statement to the academic delegation at Rojava", "MIDEAST - Syrian regime forces bomb Kurds in north for first time", "Kurdish militias fight against Syrian forces in north-east city of Hasaka", "Al-Hasakah: Deadly clashes between Arab tribes and PYD", "Al-Qamishli: PYD provokes supporters of the Kurdish National Council", "Al-Qamishli: Youth groups organize three-day rally", "Al-Qamishli: PYD fails in attempt to mobilize one hundred thousand demonstrators", "Al-Qamishli: Kurdish Democratic Political UnionSyria established", "Al-Qamishli: Shots exchanged between PYD and Yekt", "Ad-Darbasiyah: YPG abducts armed Yekt members", "Al-Qamishli: YPG storms Yekt military drill ground", "Aleppo: Kurdish politician and writer fatally shot", "Al-Qamishli: More demonstrations in the Kurdish regions", "Al-Malikiyah: YPG ends siege of Kahf alAssad", "Ayn al-Arab: YPG abducts Azad members", "PYD increases attacks on other Kurdish groups in Syria", "Kurds fleeing Syria due to 'totalitarian' PYD's terror acts, oppressive attitude", "Despite calls for unity, Syrian Kurds remain divided", "After Kurdish tensions in Sinjar, KNC offices in Rojava under attack", "Human Rights Watch calls on Syrian Kurds and KRG to release political prisoners", "THE NATIONAL COUNCIL OF BETH NAHRIN ISSUED A STATEMENT REGARDING THE CLOSURE OF UNLICENSED PARTY OFFICES", "Kurdish National Council calls on PYD to release political prisoners", "Assyrian faction linked to Syrian opposition meets with Kurdish TEV-DEM after office closure", "Syrie: les Kurdes combattent les jihadistes pour imposer leur autonomie - Dernires Infos - L'Orient-Le Jour", "From Rep. of Turkey Ministry of Foreign Affairs", "Turkish President Erdoan slams US over YPG support", "How Can Turkey Overcome Its Foreign Policy Mess? How the US Media Demonizes Iran [110][111][112], Turkey received PYD co-chair Salih Muslim for talks in 2013[113] and in 2014,[114] even entertaining the idea of opening a Rojava representation office in Ankara "if it's suitable with Ankara's policies". The Kurdish democratic revolution in Rojava captured international attention in the wake of the heroic defense of Kobane from ISIS. On 17 August 2016, heavy clashes broke out between YPG fighters and the pro-government militias, resulting in the deaths of four civilians, four Kurdish fighters, and three government loyalists. What has all of this meant for the revolution today? (10) The dilemma of which imperialist faction to align with is nothing new, it has divided the Kurdish nationalist movement for decades.(11). Following the disintegration of the Islamic State around 2017-8, Rojava considers a Turkish invasion to be the main danger facing it. Related Article They have the technology, they have the weapons, they The region extends across some 50,000 square kilometres with a population of around 3 million. Additionally there are several agricultural communes with families collectively working the land.[45]. Probably the least likely, but most deserving country on our list. [56] In the Rojava Revolution, womens participation has achieved a lot of media attention in recent years. The Kherikan are traditionally supporters of the Massoud Barzani government of Iraqi Kurdistan, and as oppose the PYD. Rojava - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia In the fall of 2011 the popular uprising escalated to an armed conflict. Rojavas war of education: the role of education in building a The Democratic Autonomy concept has been modified to the ongoing conflict in Syria. Yet, protests over various issues have continued, even in Rojava itself. The Syrian army has small military posts every six miles; according to people we spoke to, its role is mainly to discourage further Turkish expansion. But in the regions that are almost 100 percent Arab, there have been no uprisings against the SDF. [91], On 16 January 2017, more than 270 Syrian Kurdish activists signed an appeal calling for unity talks between the main Syrian Kurdish parties. We will not let the Kurds lose their rights, and we will not destroy the relations weve established with the Arabs and the Syriac Christians. He suggested everything else was negotiable, including the autonomous entitys name and how its borders would be controlled. At a main checkpoint held by the federations security forces, we were redirected to avoid the M4 east-west highway, as it was too dangerous: Turkish military drones overfly it and pro-Turkish militias, based just 400 yards from the road, make regular incursions. It established its own military force, largely based on the YPG, and its own police force, the Asayish. The Communist Left has from the very beginning been highly critical of attempts to portray Rojava as some kind of alternative to capitalism. Kurdish-led forces in northern Syria said Turkish airstrikes hit their bases in Amarneh village near Jarablus on 27 August 2016, after Turkish artillery shelled the positions the day before. According to Co-operation in Mesopotamia, 12% of the economy in Jazira, the largest region of Northern Syria, is based on cooperatives. ICT publications are not copyrighted and we only ask that those who reproduce them acknowledge the original source (author and website leftcom.org). [121][122][123] The Turkish foreign minister called the PYD a "terrorist organisation" in his speech at the meeting of Council of Foreign Ministers of the 13th Islamic Summit of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) on 12 April 2016 at Istanbul, Turkey. Our understanding of Rojava as a political community, and the function of ideology and education within it, is We cant be sure if these profound changes mean the end of Rojava as a political entity. Between Us, We Cover the World (Photo by Antonio Pampliega / picture-alliance / dpa / AP Images), The Supreme Court Just Told Student Debtors to Go to Hell, Donald Trump, Ron DeSantis, and Their Nazi Fanboys, Pakistans Crackdown Is Unprecedented, Says Imran Khan, Jamaal Bowman Knows Exactly How to Win the Next Fight Over Affirmative Action. This alliance, the SDF (Syrian Democratic Forces), and its political wing, the Syrian Democratic Council (SDC), also have to reckon with the forces of Bashar al-Assad who still hopes to regain control of the whole region, from which he withdrew in 2012. This, as well as the extreme hostility towards religious minorities in Islamist controlled areas, has led to a large migration of religious minorities to Rojava.[73]. The Rojava revolution | openDemocracy [71] The Rojava Model perceives women as revolutionary operators who fight for improving democratic values. She is also a member of Cen Kurdish Women's Office for Peace. It was a kind of pragmatic arrangement that saw the Assad regime transfer key security resources and economic infrastructure in northeastern Syria to the PYD in exchange for the PYD suppressing protests against the regime, steering clear of the revolution, and maintaining economic relations with the regime. Rojava: A libertarian myth under scrutiny | Kurds | Al Jazeera After declaring autonomy, grassroots organizers, politicians and other community members have radically changed the social and political make-up of the area. The Rojava Cantons are governed through a combination of district and civil councils. Days later, however, protests again took place, this time in response to the police beating of a shopkeeper. Words From Rojava | Atlas News All in all, the story of Rojava is far from over. That unity will depend on how relations between the PYD and the PDK develop; currently the PYD will not allow any other military force on the ground in Rojava. [72], The right to religious expression is also safeguarded in the constitution. It is easy to forget that the ongoing conflict in Syria originally began with popular protests against the Assad regime during the Arab Spring in 2011. [64], Aside from the military victories, Rojava is the witness of a legal revolution. [70] The YPG can be seen as the National Liberation Movement and the women from the YPJ have been fighting side by side with them. By 2014 a number of cantons declared their autonomy under a new constitution drafted by the PYD, and the KNC was effectively pushed out of the picture. Turkey, which has had a presence in northwest Syria since it invaded the Afrin region in January 2018, has split the territorial integrity of this Kurdish region, Rojava (west in Kurdish) or the Democratic Federation of Northern Syria, politically autonomous since 2013. They, along with the police (Asayish) and the army (SDF), form the executive committee of the ruling class in Rojava. [59], A strong political ideology, namely the Democratic Autonomy concept of Abdullah calan, has had a major impact on female empowerment. In response, the Movement for a Democratic Society led by the PYD stated that they welcome unity and called on the Kurdish National Council to participate in federal project. This essay continues our exclusive collaboration with Le Monde Diplomatique, monthly publishing jointly commissioned and shared articles, both in print and online. After all, the initiators of this revolution, the PKK, had a long history of Stalinist politics and brutal repression. [63] The aim was to "teach the reality of life and women and redefine them and achieve changes in the mentality of the society". Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria [94] The Mesopotamia National Council announced their support for TEV-DEM's requirement for parties to apply to licenses to operate in Rojava. Still, as a foreign journalist in Rojava, I faced almost no restrictions and was never at risk of being kidnapped, especially compared with some opposition-held regions When Erdoan invaded the north, he counted on an Arab uprising against the Kurds. The Trump administrations announcement on October 6 of a US military withdrawal from the region opened the way for a Turkish invasion and left the SDF no option but to call for military support from Damascus. Suzn Fahmi: Right now, we are still receiving refugees but the number has come down. And since the region is home to Kurds, Arabs, Yazidis, Assyrians, Armenians, Circassians, Turkmen, Chaldeans and Chechens, ethno-religious conflicts remain an issue. Behind it all stands the Kurdish PYD. The demonstrations were concurrent with rallies conducted across the country by the Arab opposition, though Kurdish parties did not use the same slogans as the Arabs, and also did not the same slogans amongst their own parties. [26], Anti-government protests had been ongoing in the Kurdish-inhabited areas of Syria since March 2011, as part of the wider Syrian uprising, but clashes started after the opposition Kurdish Democratic Union Party (PYD) and Kurdish National Council (KNC) signed a seven-point agreement on 11 June 2012 in Erbil under the auspice of Iraqi Kurdistan president Massoud Barzani. Jeet Heer. The KNC has rejected the federalism project launched by the Syrian Democratic Council and stated that it will participate in the peace talks in Astana, Kazakhstan, with Turkey and Russia. Do the Kurds trust the Russians more than they trust the United States? While Syria has maintained its territorial integrity over the course of the past seven years, different areas have developed in very different ways: After months of de facto rule, the PYD officially announced its regional autonomy on 9 January 2014. [49] Kurdish authorities have also shut down privately run Assyrian schools ostensibly to protect students from "exorbitant tuition costs". The government attempted to resolve these issues in 2011 by granting all Kurds citizenship, but only an estimated 6,000 out of 150,000 stateless Kurds have been given nationality and most discriminatory regulations, including the ban on teaching Kurdish, are still on the books. These bodies are for the most part not elected, but appointed. Damascus has given no sign of this. Did they cut a deal with Assad, or is he invading as well? (Photo by Antonio Pampliega / picture-alliance / dpa / AP Images). [88], On 22 February, Osman Baydemir, mayor of the city of Diyarbakr in Turkey, announced the initiation of a one-month humanitarian aid programme in which his cityalong with the surrounding districts of Balar, Yeniehir, Kayapnar, and Surwould provide food assistance to Kurdish areas in Syria affected by the war, which had received little of the humanitarian aid that other regions of Syria had received. The Bloodbath in Syria: Class War or Ethnic War? The Kurds feel bitterness and anger over how the enclave between Tell Abyad and Ras al-Ayn was abandoned to the Turks. Seven years after its creation, what remains of the PYDs pluralist, democratic project? To subscribe to LMD, go to mondediplo.com/subscribe. [65] Their combaters are trained both militarily and educationally, as they are introduced to the political thought of calan and jineology. What are the actual pros and cons of Rojavas The Syrian government (officially known as the Syrian Arab Republic) never officially acknowledged the existence of the Kurds[15] and in 1962, 120,000 Syrian Kurds were stripped of their citizenship, leaving them stateless. But the city seemed relatively calm. The demonstrations were organised by various Kurdish groups, including the PYD and KNC. This multi-ethnic, feminist, They have fought against Indonesia for many years, but unlike Timor-Leste have failed to actually achieve independence. Womens Rights in Rojava pdf The Kurdish Areas of Syria Hassake and Qamishly The Kurdish areas of Syria have attracted international attention. What's going on in Rojava today? : r/Anarchism - Reddit Challenging Power by Building Democratic Autonomy in Rojava But Saturday, October 26th and Sunday, October 27 th was we received between 300 and 380 people. There are about 3,000 members and affiliates in the U.S., the FBI estimates. The agricultural nature of its economy has also allowed the persistence of patriarchal tribal and religious codes. [100] In November 2016 a state-run media organization of Turkey, Anadolu Agency, stated that the educational institutions of Rojava had "prejudice against Islam". It's still miles better than the rest of the Their drones are Italian and their Leopard tanks are German. [65] Also, efforts are being made to reduce cases of underage marriage, polygamy and honor killings, both socially as well as through legislation forbidding these practices.[69]. Three days later dozens of Syrian Kurds went on hunger strike in solidarity. These are demands we wont compromise on. Manbij has been variously under the control of the Assad regime, the FSA, the Islamic State, and now the SDF. Iraqis Want Iran and the US Out The YPG fought various Islamist militias and the Free Syrian Army (FSA) over control of the territory, while internal tensions between the PYD and the KNC continued to rise. It hasnt happened. 7 New Countries You Might See in 2023 Young Pioneer Tours Ziad Rustem, a member of the autonomous governments energy commission, told us, Only 25 percent of oil wells in northeast Syria are operating. After declaring autonomy, grassroots organizers, politicians and other community members have radically changed the social and political make-up of the area. The Rojava Revolution A Decade On (Part I) The political system worked well. During the Syrian civil war that began in 2011, a Kurdish-dominated coalition led by the Democratic Union Party as well as some other Kurdish, Arab, Syriac-Assyrian, and Turkmen groups have sought to establish a new constitution for the de facto autonomous region, while military wings and allied militias have fought to maintain control of the region. 4 points 4 comments 1 1 1 comment Best Add a Comment AutoModerator 3 The Kurdish groups and their allies' goal was also to capture Kurdish areas from the Arab Islamist rebels and strengthen the autonomy of the region of Rojava.[98]. The People's Protection Units (YPG) entered the conflict by capturing the city of Koban on 19 July 2012, followed by the capture of Amuda and Efrn on 20 July. [20], Smaller protests continued, and on 7 March 2011, thirteen political prisoners went on hunger strike, and momentum began to grow against the Assad government. [85] Also on 1 February, Kurds staged demonstrations in several towns and villages across West Kurdistan concurrent with opposition demonstrations elsewhere in the country. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. [36], On 1 August 2012, state security forces on the periphery of the country were pulled into the intensifying battle taking place in Aleppo. The YPG also took control over the towns of Ra's al-'Ayn (Kurdish: Ser Kaniy) and Al-Darbasiyah (Kurdish: Dirbsiy), after the security and political units withdrew from these areas, following an ultimatum issued by the Kurds.
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